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浙江大学学报（理学版）
浙江大学学报（理学版）  2016, Vol. 43 Issue (2): 247-252    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2016.02.022
学术争鸣     
无需光速不变假设的狭义相对论新推导
戴又善1, 宋孝同2,3
1. 浙江大学城市学院, 浙江杭州 310015;
2. 浙江大学物理系, 浙江杭州 310027;
3. 弗吉尼亚大学粒子与核物理研究所, 弗吉尼亚州夏洛茨维尔 22904
New derivation of special relativity without assumption of constant speed of light
DAI Youshan1, SONG Xiaotong2,3
1. Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China;
2. Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
3. Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA 22904, USA
 全文: PDF(1165 KB)  
摘要： 传统相对论依据光速不变原理可以推导出时空的洛伦兹变换公式,而在相对性原理的基础上,利用洛伦兹变换公式和守恒定律又可建立起爱因斯坦的质能关系式.不同于首先从运动学出发来完全确定洛伦兹变换的传统方法,依据相对性原理以及动量和能量守恒,通过讨论粒子的两体衰变过程,论证了相对论能量正比于动质量实际上并不依赖于洛伦兹变换或具体的时空变换特性.从而无须引进光速不变假设和不依赖静质量为0的粒子,给出了一种更为普遍的狭义相对论的新推导.新的相对论公式已不再需要依赖光速,取而代之的是与所有粒子相关的普适极限速度vm.
关键词： 狭义相对论;  相对论动力学;  光速不变原理;  质速关系;  质能关系    
Abstract: Traditionally, special relativity is formulated through a derivation of the space-time Lorentz transformation based on the assumption that the speed of light is invariant. Einstein's famous mass-energy relation can be deduced from the Lorentz transformation, combined with the principle of relativity as well as the relevant conservation laws. This work abandons the unnecessary assumption of a constant speed of light, and proves that the proportionality between the relativistic energy and the moving mass does not rely on Lorentz transformation or any other specific form of space-time transformation. We demonstrate with two-body particle decay following directly from the principle of relativity and the conservation of energy and momentum. Therefore, we present a novel and more general formulation of special relativity without assuming a constant speed of light and the existence of massless particles. In this new formulation, a universal speed limit vm naturally emerges with no specific regard to the propagation of light.
Key words: special relativity    relativistic dynamics    principle of constant speed of light    mass-velocity relation    mass-energy relation
收稿日期: 2014-12-01 出版日期: 2016-03-12
CLC:  O412.1  
作者简介: 戴又善(1957-),ORCID:http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2318-2196,男,博士,副教授,主要从事理论物理研究,E-mail:daiys@zucc.edu.cn.
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引用本文:

戴又善, 宋孝同. 无需光速不变假设的狭义相对论新推导[J]. 浙江大学学报（理学版）, 2016, 43(2): 247-252.

DAI Youshan, SONG Xiaotong. New derivation of special relativity without assumption of constant speed of light. Journal of ZheJIang University(Science Edition), 2016, 43(2): 247-252.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9497.2016.02.022    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/sci/CN/Y2016/V43/I2/247

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